Master Plans for the NIH sites serve as strategic tools for the efficient allocation of resources, the orderly development of future growth, and the creation and maintenance of a physical environment functionally and aesthetically conducive to accomplishing the mission of the NIH. The development, coordination, and update of the NIH Master Plans impact significantly on the development of the NIH building programs. Master planning for the NIH sites defines the physical framework for the changing nature, character, and urgency of
biomedical research and education. It provides a supportive environment for the people involved in NIH activities and protects and enhances the natural and environmental qualities of the NIH sites and their surrounding communities.

Site development guidelines are established in conjunction with the Master Plans. They define key elements and determine major relationships, patterns, and standards that should be adhered to when developing site or building projects. Development guidelines address issues of building size and massing, definition of open spaces, site character and quality as well as access and circulation. The guidelines also address phased implementation of the Master Plans in a logical sequence of construction, renovation, or demolition over the life of the plan.

In addition to the development of long-range Master Plans for the NIH sites, site-specific short-range planning studies and feasibility and cost/benefit analyses are often required to prepare proposals for future management and development, including allocation of land areas for appropriate use and construction priorities. Alternative plans to reach the goals and objectives of the Master Plans must be formulated and monitored continuously. Finally, programs and measures to implement the Master Plans must be evaluated to emphasize key priorities, identify and avoid potential future conflicts, and ensure the critical continuity of functions.